In both Lore and The Kyber Order, a lightsaber is comprised of multiple parts. Familiarity with these parts is a required part of Testing in Padawan/Apprentice Rank and above. Below you will see the diagrams for Lore Sabers (not every part but the most common) and a common saber type used in TKO and saber combat in general. Knowledge of either of these is acceptable for Testing. For TKO, a 32 inch baselit blade with standard walls is the standard we all try to adhere to.
Image currently from HowStuffWorks, it will be replaced with a proper TKO Image at a later point. :)